Anticoagulant therapy can cause bleeding in the brain, leading to neurological issues like headaches or stroke. Monitoring dosage and regular brain imaging can help mitigate risks.

Another concern with anticoagulants is microbleeds, which may contribute to cognitive decline. Patients should have cognitive assessments and dose adjustments as necessary.

Anticoagulants can also cause cerebral hemorrhage, potentially leading to sudden neurological symptoms. Immediate medical evaluation and possible medication adjustment are critical.