How does Metformin improve insulin sensitivity and what specific cellular or systemic changes contribute to better glycemic control?
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How does Metformin improve insulin sensitivity and what specific cellular or systemic changes contribute to better glycemic control?
Metformin enhances insulin sensitivity by activating AMPK, which regulates glucose uptake in muscle cells and decreases liver glucose production. This leads to lower blood sugar levels.
1. Metformin enhances insulin sensitivity by activating AMPK, which boosts glucose uptake in muscles and reduces hepatic glucose production.
2. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity by increasing the expression of GLUT4, facilitating greater glucose uptake in peripheral tissues.
3. Metformin reduces glucose production in the liver and increases insulin sensitivity by inhibiting the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which activates AMPK.