How does estrogen interact with immune cells, such as T-cells and macrophages, to regulate immune responses and maintain balance in inflammation and autoimmunity?
Gaurav ChauhanContributor
How does estrogen interact with immune cells to modulate immune responses?
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Estrogen binds to receptors on T-cells and macrophages, altering gene expression to modulate inflammatory responses and maintain immune balance.
Estrogen enhances T-cell activation and proliferation, while reducing their apoptosis. It also reprograms macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory state, thus modulating immune responses and inflammation control.