How does male infertility contribute to the need for IVF, and what specific treatments address male factor challenges?
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How does male infertility contribute to the need for IVF, and what specific treatments address male factor challenges?
Male infertility can contribute significantly to the need for In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) when a couple is struggling to conceive. Approximately 40-50% of infertility cases are attributed to male reproductive issues. Common causes of male infertility include low sperm count (oligospermia), poor sperm motility (asthenospermia), abnormal sperm shape (teratospermia), and sperm dysfunction.
In cases where male infertility is a primary factor, IVF may be recommended to bypass challenges related to sperm quality and quantity. IVF involves fertilizing an egg with sperm outside the body in a laboratory setting, followed by transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus for potential pregnancy. This method allows for overcoming barriers posed by male infertility.
Specific treatments that address male factor challenges include:
1. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): ICSI is a technique commonly utilized in conjunction with IVF when male factor infertility is present. It involves injecting a single sperm directly into an egg to facilitate fertilization, even in cases of very low sperm count or poor sperm motility.
2. Sperm Retrieval Procedures: In cases of obstructive azoospermia where sperm are present but not ejaculated due to blockages, surgical sperm retrieval procedures such as testicular sperm extraction (TESE) or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) can be performed to collect viable sperm for use in IVF.
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Male infertility contributes to IVF demand by causing low sperm count or motility. Treatments include ICSI, where sperm is directly injected into an egg to facilitate fertilization.